Quartersawn and rift are the most stable cut with the tightest grain. It is produced by first quartering the log and then sawing it perpendicular to the growth rings.  When looking at the end grain, the annual growth rings will be at 90 degrees to each face.

Quartersawn lumber is termed “vertical grain” or “edge grain” in softwoods.  Considering form, quartersawn is sought after because of the beautiful tiger striping (aka medullary rays) that occur in most species. As for function, rift and quartersawn wood is the most dimensionally stable and is recommended for flooring over radiant heating.

Flat sawn wood has its unique form often referred to as Cathedral, since the growth patterns resemble long arches. Mills produce flat sawn by cutting the wood in vertical slices on the edge of the log.

Rift sawn is very similar to quartersawn but the cut angle is changed slightly to accentuate vertical grain and reduce flake commonly found in quartersawn.

It’s important to know the relative density of wood when choosing your hardwood floor since durability and wear-resistance are often principle factors. For example, a family with three large St. Bernard dogs would prefer Brazilian Cherry (2820) floors instead of Chestnut (540).

Janka Ratings are relative and can fluctuate depending on grain and growth rings. Flat, horizontal grain is tested and rarely does Janka reflect vertical grain tests. Some trees will grow faster at different latitudes and therefore having tighter growth rings and higher density.

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